The Reduction of Ghosts in Diffraction Grating Spectra

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Abstract
False lines appearing in grating spectra as a result of periodic errors in the shape or location of the ruled grooves are commonly called ghosts. Periodic errors in the first Bausch and Lomb engine and the resultant ghosts are discussed with reference to the Rowland and Runge theories of false spectra. With the assistance of an interferometric error recorder for determining ruling engine errors directly, correction cams have been cut and gratings ruled with less than 0.025 percent relative ghost intensity measured at 5461A in the first order of a 600-groove/mm grating. Finally, it is shown that gratings may be designed for specific analytical problems in such a manner that the residual ghosts fall outside the region of operation.

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