Transmission and differentiation of six viruses infecting hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium) in Scotland

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Abstract
SUMMARY: Six viruses, code‐named HV1‐HV6, were transmitted manually and/or by aphids (Cavariella spp. from symptomless wild plants of hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium) in Scotland. HV1 was identified as parsnip yellow fleck virus (PYFV); anthriscus yellows virus, on which it depends for transmission by aphids, was presumably also present in the hogweed plants. HV2 was transmitted manually and by aphids and had very flexuous filamentous particles c. 700–750 nm long; it has affinities with the closteroviruses, and the name heracleum latent virus is proposed. HV3, HV4 and HV5 were transmitted manually, HV3 and HV5 also by aphids, but their particle morphology is unknown. HV6 was transmitted only by aphids and has very flexuous particles up to 1400 nm long; it is presumably a closterovirus distinct from HV2. All the viruses infected cultivated umbelliferous species experimentally but only PYFV is known to infect umbelliferous crops.