Origin and character of vascular murmurs: Model studies

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Abstract
The fluctuating mechanical stress imposed upon the arterial-wall downstream of a stenosis by turbulent blood flow was studied in a model experiment. The dependence of mean-square wall pressure and spectral density of wall pressure upon Reynolds number, diameter ratio and distance from the stenosis was obtained. The mean-square pressure was found to have strong Reynolds-number dependence at low Reynolds number, and the distance downstream of the stenosis at which the mean-square fluctuating pressure reaches its maximum intensity was found to depend upon jet velocity and fluid viscosity only. A high Reynolds-number scaling of the spectral density of wall pressure was obtained. These experiments are applicable to humans in a clinical situation.