Effect of a long acting glucagon selective somatostatin analogue on plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon levels in the anaesthetized rat during arginine infusion

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Abstract
The effects of somatostatin and a long acting, glucagon selective somatostatin analog (des-Ala1Gly2[His4,5-D-Trp8]-somatostatin), were studied during arginine tolerance tests in normal anaesthetized rats. Arginine infusion in control animals resulted in a rapid increase in plasma insulin and glucagon, and an increase of 15±5 mg/dl in plasma glucose. Somatostatin infusion (1 mg/kg/h) resulted in suppression of basal insulin secretion and a decrease in arginine-induced insulin and glucagon release. Glucose levels increased rapidly during the combined arginine-somatostatin infusion reaching a peak of 72±10 mg/dl above basal levels. Similar results were obtained when somatostatin was injected SC (1 mg/kg) at times 0, 15, 30, and 45 minutes (arginine infused from 30–60 minutes). A single injection (1 mg/kg) of the long-acting somatostatin analogue resulted in significant inhibition of basal insulin and glucagon release; during arginine infusion glucagon levels rose only slightly, the insulin response was, however, nearly normal, and only a small arginine-induced increase in glucose levels was observed. Carbohydrate absorption was not influenced by either somatostatin or the analogue.