UTP inhibits Na+ absorption in wild-type and ΔF508 CFTR-expressing human bronchial epithelia

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Abstract
Ca2+-mediated agonists, including UTP, are being developed for therapeutic use in cystic fibrosis (CF) based on their ability to modulate alternative Cl− conductances. As CF is also characterized by hyperabsorption of Na+, we determined the effect of mucosal UTP on transepithelial Na+transport in primary cultures of human bronchial epithelia (HBE). In symmetrical NaCl, UTP induced an initial increase in short-circuit current ( I sc) followed by a sustained inhibition. To differentiate between effects on Na+ absorption and Cl− secretion, I sc was measured in the absence of mucosal and serosal Cl−( I Na). Again, mucosal UTP induced an initial increase and then a sustained decrease that reduced amiloride-sensitive I Na by 73%. The Ca2+-dependent agonists histamine, bradykinin, serosal UTP, and thapsigargin similarly induced sustained inhibition (62–84%) of I Na. Mucosal UTP induced similar sustained inhibition (half-maximal inhibitory concentration 296 nM) of I Na in primary cultures of human CF airway homozygous for the ΔF508 mutation. BAPTA-AM blunted UTP-dependent inhibition of I Na, but inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and phospholipase A2 had no effect. Indeed, direct activation of PKC by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate failed to inhibit Na+ absorption. Apyrase, a tri- and diphosphatase, did not reverse inhibitory effects of UTP on I Na, suggesting a long-term inhibitory effect of UTP that is independent of receptor occupancy. After establishment of a mucosa-to-serosa K+ concentration gradient and permeabilization of the mucosal membrane with nystatin, mucosal UTP induced an initial increase in K+current followed by a sustained inhibition. We conclude that increasing cellular Ca2+ induces a long-term inhibition of transepithelial Na+transport across normal and CF HBE at least partly due to downregulation of a basolateral membrane K+ conductance. Thus UTP may have a dual therapeutic effect in CF airway: 1) stimulation of a Cl− secretory response and 2) inhibition of Na+ transport.