Cardiac malpositions. An overview based on study of sixty-five necropsy specimens.

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Abstract
Cardiac malformations associated with cardiac malpositions are so complex that angiographic studies may not provide accurate information as direct examination of autopsy specimens. A systematic approach to cardiac malpositions based upon 65 autopsy studies is outlined. Morphologic features characteristic of the entities are correlated with clinical, roentgenographic, ECG and catheterization findings. Embryologic considerations are discussed. Terminology in complex congenital cardiac anomalies, particularly those with abnormalities of position is a problem. The least ambiguous or confusing terms are used. The asplenia and the polysplenia syndromes are separate categories and are not grouped as situs ambiguus. Transposition refers only to transposition of the great arteries, i.e., aorta arising from the morphologic right and pulmonary artery from the morphologic left ventricle. Taussig-Bing anomaly is classified as a form of double outlet right ventricle with a subpulmonic ventricular septal defect.

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