The Role of Culture in Comparative Management: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

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Abstract
For at least the last twenty years, the literature has yielded diverse positions on the transferability of modern management principles into different cultures. A review of the research shows that most cross-cultural studies are actually cross-national studies which means comparing socio-cultural, political, and economic systems and not just culture. Two of the more important models are described in terms of the role of culture—the Farmer-Richman model and the Negandhi-Prasad model. One of the models identifies management as a dependent variable, and the other as an independent variable. The research was conducted to contribute to a resolution of this difference. The research design isolated the role of culture by controlling for the political, economic, and educational variables.