CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH KERNICTERUS

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Abstract
Kernicterus as a pathologic finding has been observed almost exclusively in children that have exhibited the clinical picture of erythroblastosis fetalis. It is therefore a reasonable conclusion that this type of cerebral abnormality in the vast majority of cases is the result of maternal isoimmunization during pregnancy primarily by the Rh factor. While the neonatal mortality rate in children with kernicterus is very high, a certain number do survive for a variable period. The recognition of these cases in the past has depended on the history of severe neonatal jaundice and the subsequent development of symptoms of central nervous system disease. Most of the reported cases of this type presented a clinical picture in which evidence of basal ganglion injury predominated, such as choreoathetosis and extrapyramidal spasticity.1 The widespread nature of neuronal damage in kernicterus2 suggests the possibility that certain of the surviving patients might present other types

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