Migrants' Remittances, Capital Flight, and Macroeconomic Imbalance in Sudan's Hidden Economy

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Abstract
Migration to the Gulf, the spread of the parallel economy, and capital flight have become major features of Sudan's economy. This paper examines these processes, analyzes the relationships between them and estimates their quantitative significance over the period 1978–87, based on survey data on Sudanese migrants abroad, andusing a simple macroeconomic accounting framework It finds that the revised macroeconomic aggregates incorporating the unrecorded international financial flows and domestic transactions associated with these “hidden” adjustment processes give a completely different picture of Sudan's economic imbalances and the nature of the microeconomic processes underlying these. The efficacy of orthodox IMF and World Bank analysis and policy prescriptions are then questioned in the light of this alternative perspective

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