Countercurrent distribution: quantitative analysis of results, especially where separation is incomplete

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Abstract
A "least squares" method is described for calculating the amount of material in a zone containing a single substance observed after a countercurrent distribution. The calculation uses measurements on all relevant tubes. Partition ratios are assumed to be constant. The method can be extended to give a "best estimate" of the partition ratio of the substance. The method can be extended to the calculation of the composition of zones formed by mixtures, and to estimates of the partition ratios of the components. So long as some measurable separation is achieved the method is applicable. Examples are given of applications of the technique to actual experiments including some from the literature.

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