Density Dependence of the Dielectric Properties of Wheat and Whole-Wheat Flour

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Abstract
The dielectric properties of hard red winter wheat and of whole-wheat flour milled from the same wheat were measured at 11.67 GHz over a wide range of hulk densities and over a range of moisture contents from 8.5 to 14.7%, wet basis. The square root and cube root of the dielectric constant and also a function of the dielectric loss factor were found to be linear functions of the density oi the air-particle mixtures. The slopes of the straight lines representing these relationships increased nearly linearly with moisture content. Dielectric properties of the wheat kernel were calculated from the linear relationships and presented as functions of moisture content. An equation is provided for calculating the dielectric constant of pulverized or granular materials at any density if the dielectric constant is known at any given density.