WELBORE user's manual

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Abstract
WELBORE is a computer code for simulating transient, one-dimensional two-phase or single-phase non-isothermal fluid flow in a wellbore. The program uses a partially implicit method to solve the finite difference approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations of mass, momentum, and energy conservation. Terms that would impose a severe time restriction, such as the compressibility terms are evaluated implicitly while other terms are expressed in an explicit manner. The convection effects are represented with a conserving upwind finite difference. Both the slip between the phases (when the flow is two-phase) and the frictional losses are given as empirical correlations. The primary thermodynamic variables used in solving the equations are the pressure and specific energy. An equation of state subroutine provides the density, quality, and temperature. The heat loss out of the wellbore is calculated by solving a radial diffusion equation for the temperature changes outside the bore. The calculation is done at each node point in the wellbore. Also the code has been coupled with a single phase radial flow reservoir model.

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