Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing cancer surgery and options for thromboprophylaxis

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Abstract
Patients with cancer have an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to a hypercoagulable state associated with malignancy. This risk is further complicated in patients undergoing cancer‐related surgery due to immobility, other cancer treatments, and biologic changes associated with surgery. Despite this relatively high risk of VTE, many patients are not prescribed adequate prophylaxis in the pre‐ or post‐operative periods. This article reviews available measures for thromboprophylaxis in light of current guidelines. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:167–174.