The Temperature Dependence of Viscosity and Conductivity of Concentrated Aqueous Calcium Nitrate Solutions

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Abstract
Shear viscosities have been measured as a function of temperature for aqueous calcium nitrate solutions in the composition range over a temperature range from 25°C to as low as −83°C and over a viscosity range from to as high as . Conductivity measurements are also reported for the solution of composition over the range 30° to − 83 °C. As is the case for a wide variety of other liquids, the Fulcher equation is found to give an inadequate description of the temperature dependence of the transport properties of these solutions when applied to data extending over many orders of magnitude, and the transport properties exhibit a tendency to return to Arrhenius behavior at high viscosities. Comparison of the conductivity and viscosity data for the composition indicates that it is similar to other ionic liquids in that at low viscosities the time scales for viscous flow and for ionic conduction are comparable in magnitude, but that at high viscosities, in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature, the time scale for viscous flow is very much longer than that for conduction.

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