Properties and Characteristics of Cast, Wrought, and Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Processed Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum Implant Materials

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Abstract
Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys have been highly successful as implant materials due to their corrosion resistance to body fluids, excellent mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Limitations associated with the conventional processing of these alloys, such as precision casting or casting followed by hot working, have been overcome recently by the use of powder metallurgy (P/M) processing techniques. This paper presents results from an on-going program of research on cobalt 26 to 28Cr, 5 to 6Mo alloys. Cast, conventionally hot-rolled, and P/M-processed materials were evaluated. The effect of cooling rates in the range of 10 to 104°C/s was investigated. The results of tension, localized corrosion, corrosion fatigue, and stress corrosion cracking tests are discussed.
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