Genetic differentiation and relationships in five taxa of theBactrocera dorsaliscomplex (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae)

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Abstract
Adult flies from five taxa (Bactrocera carambolaeDrew & Hancock (formerly ‘Malaysian A’),B. dorsalis(Hendel)sensu stricto, B. melastomatosDrew & Hancock,B. papayaeDrew & Hancock (formerly ‘Malaysian B’) andB. propinqua(Hardy & Adachi) of theBactrocera dorsaliscomplex were analysed at 17 enzyme loci using horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis. Eleven loci—aAdh, Ald, Gpd, Ldh, aMdh, cMdh, Me, Pgm, Pgd, Sod-F, Sod-S—were represented by the most common allele in the five taxa. Of these 11 loci, seven showed intraspecific variation in one or more taxa. Among the five taxa,B. melastomatoscould be distinguished from the rest by two loci (AcpandGpi), whileB. propinquacould be separated by four loci (Acp, Est-D, Idh90, Pep-C).Bactrocera dorsalis, B. carambolaeandB. papayaedid not possess any species-characteristic locus/allele, butB. carambolaecould be distinguished from the other two taxa byIdh. The proportion of polymorphic loci in the Malaysian taxa ranged from 0.41 to 0.53.Bactrocera propinquahad the lowest average heterozygosity (H=0.05), while that inB. carambolae, B. melastomatosandB. papayaeranged from 0.09 to 0.11. The genetic identity values indicate closest affinity between B. dorsalis andB. papayae(I=0.99), followed byB. caramboiae(I=0.92),B. melastomatos(I=0.84) andB. propinqua(I=0.69).Bactrocera melastomatosshowed closest affinity toB. carambolae(I=0.87) and was most distant fromB. propinqua(I=0.64).

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