Progesterone Receptor Immunohistochemical Quantitation Compared With Cytosolic Assay: Correlation With Prognosis in Breast Cancer

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Abstract
Quantitation of estrogen and progesterone receptors (PR) represents the standard of care in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. Historically this was performed by cytosolic assay; current methods utilize immunohistochemical staining, which may be quantitated visually or by image cytometry. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections from 95 breast carcinomas were immunostained with an avidin-biotin complex technique. steam antigen retrieval, and a monoclonal PR antibody (1/40 Biogenex). Nuclear immunostain was quantitated visually as the percentage of immunopositive nuclei, scored as 0 to 4. By image cytometry, the percentage of positively staining nuclear area (PPNA) was determined in 15 hpf using the CAS 200 Image Analyzer. Dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) ligand binding assay data were divided into negative (50). A statistically significant correlation was found between stage (P = 0.0001), the presence of nodal metastases (P = 0.0001), cytosolic assay (P = 0.036), image cytometry (P = 0.01), and disease-free survival. Only stage (P = 0.0001) and PR quantitation per cytosolic assay (P = 0.0001) correlated with overall survival. The method of choice for the assessment of PR hormone status in breast carcinomas is the DCC ligand binding assay. This method correlates with both survival and disease-free survival. Image cytometric quantitation of PR immunohistochemical staining correlates only with disease-free survival. The commonly used method of visual quantitation of PR immunostaining fails to relate either to survival or disease-free survival.