The therapeutic relationship: Recent theory and research

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Abstract
Constructive personality change in the client during psychotherapy is hypothesized as being dependent upon three essential attitudes in the therapist. These are held to be more important than the therapist's professional qualifications, his therapeutic orientation, or his interview techniques. These attitudes are: congruence or genuineness in the relationship; acceptance or prizing of the client; an accurate emphatic understanding of the client's phenomenal world. A number of research investigations bearing on this hypothesis are briefly reported. The evidence is to a considerable extent confirmatory. Some implications for psychology, for psychotherapy, and for the training of therapists, are pointed out.

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