Surface crystallization of glassy vapor-deposited selenium films in controlled atmospheres
- 1 September 1976
- journal article
- Published by American Vacuum Society in Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology
- Vol. 13 (5) , 1066-1069
- https://doi.org/10.1116/1.569074
Abstract
Surface crystallization kinetics are measured for pure selenium 60-μm vapor-deposited films. Xerographic lifetimes of selenium photoreceptors are shown to be limited by the overall transformation level of top surface crystallization. The temperature dependence of the overall top surface transformation rate may be plotted in an Arrhenius fashion yielding an activation energy of 26 kcal/mol. Top surface crystallization kinetics for thermal aging of 60-μm films in argon and dry air are similar, both being faster than bulk kinetics.Keywords
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