Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Derivative with 7% Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Genetic Content Is Able To Establish Infections in Pig-Tailed Macaques

Abstract
A human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) derivative (HIVNL-DT5R) containing sequences encoding a 7-amino-acid segment of CA and the entirevifgene from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was previously shown to establish spreading infections in cultured macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells. To assess its replicative and disease-inducing properties in vivo, HIVNL-DT5Rwas inoculated into pig-tailed macaques. HIVNL-DT5Rgenerated plasma viremia in all five of the monkeys and elicited humoral responses against all of the HIV-1 structural proteins but did not cause CD4+T-lymphocyte depletion or clinical disease. Additional adaptation will be required to optimize infectivity in vivo.