INCONGRUITY ADAPTATION CAPABILITY AND ACCOMPLISHMENT IN LEADERSHIP TRAINING FOR TURBULENT ENVIRONMENTS.

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Abstract
The positive results confirming the first hypothesis, that a higher proportion of high GIAL candidates than low GIAL candidates would successfully complete the OCS program, provides support for the basic GIAL hypothesis concerning the relationship between GIAL and environment turbulence. The proposition is that whenever the environment provides either too much or too little turbulence relative to the individual's GIAl, the negative effect associated with this incongruence will motivate the individual to change or avoid it since an OCS candidate can do little to modify the nature of his environment, an active response alternative for overloaded individuals is to withdraw from the program. Consequently, low GIAL candidates behave in accordance with traditional dissonance theory and choose to sacrifice the future rewards of becoming an officer in order to avoid the surplus of immediate dissonance relative to their expectations. High GIAL candidates, on the other hand, find less discrepancy between this turbulent environment and their expectations. Consequently, they have little difficulty enduring the dissonant occurrences and successfully completing the program. Support of the second hypothesis suggests an addition to the GIAL model. Exposure to the tremendous turbulence in the OCS program resulted in a significant increase of the mean GIAL score of candidates completing the program. Thus, when subjected to a situation where they can neither significantly alter the nature of dissonant inputs, nor escape from the situation without considerable cost, it appears that the successful candidates experience at least temporary increases in their incongruity expectations, allowing them to endure the situation. Research is currently in process to determine whether these shifts in expectations are temporary or permanent.

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