Electric Shock Hazards in Cardiac Catheterization

Abstract
1. These studies demonstrate that ventricular fibrillation can be produced in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated dogs by a current as low as 35 microamperes and a voltage as low as 0.06 volt. 2. Analysis of circuits of medical electronic equipment which is usually considered safe indicates that such low current levels may exist in the heart during catheterization. 3. The safety procedures established for our laboratory to minimize the hazard of electric shock are presented.

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