Stochastic Resonance in Ensembles of Nondynamical Elements: The Role of Internal Noise

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Abstract
While many examples of noise-induced signal enhancement have been reported, the role of internal noise has received little attention. Here we study aperiodic stochastic resonance in parallel arrays of nondynamical elements with internal noise. Ensembles of both threshold and threshold-free elements are studied, and the model is applied to two-state ion channels. In finite systems where the input signal controls the probability of discrete events, we demonstrate that the internal noise is modulated by both the applied signal and the external noise. We also show that the internal noise plays a constructive role in information transfer through such systems via an increase in external noise.