Circadian Rhythms in Serum Melatonin from Infancy to Adolescence

Abstract
The circadian rhythm of circulating melatonin was determined in 38 children, aged 1–18 yr. Serum melatonin concentrations at 2400 and 0300 h in children aged 1–5 yr were significantly (P < 0.001) higher than those in older children [6–10 yr, puberty stage 1 (P1)]. Nocturnal melatonin levels also were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in PI subjects than in P2 subjects aged 9–12 yr. A further small decline was found from P2 to P4DP5 (P < 0.05). Thus, the decline in the nocturnal melatonin surge is not exclusively related to pubertal development, but begins in infancy.

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