Transport critical current and magnetization measurements of melt-processed YBa2Cu3O7−x

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Abstract
We report magnetic field dependence of the transport critical current and dc magnetic susceptibility measurements on YBa2Cu3O7−x superconductors formed by melt‐solid reactions at 950 °C between Ba‐Cu‐O (or Tb‐Ba‐Cu‐O) and solid nonstoichiometric Y‐Ba‐Cu‐oxide. Four‐probe dc critical current measurements at 77, 64, and 4.2 K show strong depression of the critical current density with increasing magnetic field in agreement with a model of weakly linked superconducting regions. Diamagnetic shielding and Meissner flux expulsion measurements in the temperature range 10–300 K show about one third volume fraction of perfect superconductivity. Both shielding and flux expulsion were observed to be approximately temperature independent below 60 K indicating strong coupling between the grains throughout the entire volume below this temperature.