Bicarbonate Stimulated Adenylyl Cyclases

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Abstract
Bicarbonate ion is fundamental to the biology of all living organisms. HCO3‐ is vital to such diverse physiological processes as carbon fixation, cellular homeostasis, sperm maturation, and nucleotide synthesis. A defined subset of adenylyl cyclases identified in eukaryotes and prokaryotes are directly activated by HCO3‐. As such, cAMP represents the first identified biological effector for fluctuations in intracellular inorganic carbon levels. The identification of a signal transduction pathway activated by HCO3‐ has far reaching implications for understanding how the cell responds to fluctuations in this essential anion. IUBMB Life, 56: 529‐534, 2004

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