Abstract
INFECTION of the conjunctiva and the ocular adnexa has long been a source of distraction to the ophthalmologist, the bacteriologist and, primarily, the patient. In the era before bacteria were discovered the ophthalmic textbooks contained no specific admonitions as to treatment, with the exception of the statement that when frank pus was noted heat in various forms relieved the irritation and at times caused pointing, opening and drainage of the abscess. With the advent of modern knowledge of sepsis, smears and cultures of material from the conjunctival sac, the meibomian glands and the ciliary follicles were made. An enormous amount of laboratory work was accomplished and much appeared in the literature. It was found early that smears of material taken with a cotton applicator were not efficient, as many of the organisms were invaders of the tissue cells and few appeared on the surface. A method of scraping the conjunctiva

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