Ecological Observations on an Extinct East African Volcanic Mountain

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Abstract
A descriptive account of Mt. Hanang, an isolated extinct volcano 11,215 ft. altitude above sea level in the Mbulu District, Northern Province of Tanganyika. Details of its history, topography, geology, soils, hydrology, climate, its people and game are given. Some 187 plants were collected in quadruplicate and 61 bird skins. The plants were distributed to the E.A. Herbarium, the Kew Herbarium and the National Herbarium, Pretoria, and the bird skins to the British Museum (Natural History). The vegetation of the area is described in some detail; it consists of forests of two types, moist evergreen forest and dry evergreen forest; Grasslands of two kinds, grazed and ungrazed upland grasslands; Buchland grouped into deciduous bushland, upland evergreen bushland and upland moorland, the latter further sub-divided into closed upland moorland and open upland moorland. Other land is in cultivation. Lists of species of plants in the different vegetation types are given, that of the open upland moorland is recorded in full. From the vegetation survey of Mt. Hanang it is apparent that there are some interesting records of discontinuous distribution of species with the flora of Angola, Nyasaland and with Mount Kenya.

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