Integrated Sample Preparation and MALDI Mass Spectrometry on a Microfluidic Compact Disk

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Abstract
High-throughput microfluidic processing of protein digests integrated with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry on a compact disk (CD) is described. Centrifugal force moves liquid through multiple microstructures, each containing a 10-nL reversed-phase chromatography column. The CD enables parallel preparation of 96 samples with volumes ranging from one to several microliters. The peptides in the digests are concentrated, desalted, and subsequently eluted from the columns directly into MALDI target areas (200 × 400 μm) on the CD using a solvent containing the MALDI matrix. After crystallization, the CD is inserted into the MALDI instrument for peptide mass fingerprinting and database identification at a routine sensitivity down to the 200-amol level. Detection of proteolytic peptides down to the 50-amol level is demonstrated. The success rate of the CD technology in protein identification is about twice that of the C18 ZipTips and standard MALDI steel targets. The CDs are operated using robotics to transfer samples and reagents from microcontainers to the processing inlets on the disposable CD and spinning to control the movement of liquid through the microstructures.