Energy-Independent Detector for Total Hydrogen Fluxes in the Range 1–10 keV for Space and Laboratory Applications

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Abstract
An energy‐independent instrument capable of detecting total hydrogen fluxes (either H0 or H0+H+) in the energy range 1–10 keV has been developed. Low extreme ultraviolet sensitivity has been achieved by scattering of the incident particles in a thin carbon foil to a detector located in an off‐axis position. Energetic electrons are removed by a magnetic field. Measurements of the ratio of the neutral to total fluxes leaving the foil, the angular distribution of the scattered particles, and the energy lost in transit of the foil are presented. The instrument has an efficiency for energetic hydrogen of 0.7%, an euv sensitivity of 2×10−3, and a geometrical factor of 0.06 cm2 sr.