The importance of calibration in medical ultrasonics

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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to possible inconsistencies in calibration procedure used for medical ultrasonic systems. An experimental system for automatic plotting of intensity and pressure profiles is also briefly described. Measurements of ultrasonic beam intensity and pressure have been made in order to show how these parameters are influenced by guiding tubes of various dimensions and different materials (e.g. Perspex and stainless steel). These measurements have given indications for the design of ultrasonic applicators suitable for generating simple intensity fields, thereby allowing better interpretation of results from medical ultrasonic experiments.