Angiotensin II AT 1 Receptor Blockade Reverses Pathological Hypertrophy and Inflammation in Brain Microvessels of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
- 1 July 2004
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wolters Kluwer Health in Stroke
- Vol. 35 (7) , 1726-1731
- https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000129788.26346.18
Abstract
Background and Purpose— The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is vulnerable to brain ischemia and stress and exhibits a chronically stimulated brain angiotensin II system, cerebrovascular hypertrophy, and inflammation. Pretreatment with angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonists protects from brain ischemia and from stress and prevents the development of stress-induced gastric ulcers in part by reducing inflammation in the gastric mucosa. We studied whether AT1 receptor antagonists could exert antiinflammatory effects in the brain vasculature as a mechanism for their protective effects against ischemia. Methods— Ten-week-old SHR and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto male rats received the AT1 receptor antagonist candesartan (0.3 mg/kg per day) or vehicle for 28 days via osmotic minipumps. We studied AT1 receptors, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and number of macrophages by immunohistochemistry and Western blots. Results— We found increased endothelia...Keywords
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