PROLAPSE, CYSTOCELE, RECTOCELE AND TRUE VAGINAL HERNIA

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Abstract
As the title of my paper indicates, I wish to draw attention to the difference between true vaginal hernia with a sac of peritoneum, which is quite rare except as a postoperative condition, and the condition known as gynecologic hernia. As the latter has no peritoneal sac, I shall speak of it as a false hernia. The etiologic factors are the same for all types of hernia; namely, abdominal pressure and weakness of the floor of the pelvis. There is no doubt that in cases of the ordinary gynecologic hernia, the suspensory ligaments exercise some useful purpose, but modern authorities agree with Halban that if the floor of the pelvis is sufficiently weakened the ligaments cannot by themselves prevent the tendency to prolapse of the internal genitalia, the posterior wall of the bladder or the anterior wall of the rectum. Furthermore, the ligaments cannot exercise any influence over a tendency

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