Variability in Triticum and Aegilops species for seed characteristics

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Abstract
Seventy-seven accessions of 2x, 4x, and 6x wild, primitive, and modern domesticates of wheat, Aegilops longissima, and Ae. tauschii were assayed for seed weight, protein content, and lysine content. In general, there was more variation between taxa than within taxa in 2x and 4x but not in 6x for seed weight and protein content. Within taxa variation was greater than that between taxa for lysine content. The primitive and wild wheat and Aegilops accessions had significantly lower seed weight than modern 4x and 6x wheats. Mean 1000 seed weight varied from 6.90 to 42.62 g over all accessions. The modern 4x and 6x wheats and Ae. tauschii had lower mean protein and lysine contents than the primitive and wild wheats and Ae. longissima. Mean protein and lysine content for species ranged from 17 to 29% and from 3.9 to 6.2 .mu.g/mg, respectively. Within species variation for lysine content was highest in T. turgidum var. dicoccoides, T. monococcum var. boeoticum, and T. turgidum var. durum. The lowest mean lysine content belonged to Ae. tauschii, T. aestivum var. aestivum, T. aestivum var. spelta, and T. turgidum var. durum. Correlation between seed weight and protein content was not significant for any species. A significant negative correlation between seed weight and lysine content was found in T. aestivum var. aestivum, T. timopheevii var. araraticum, T. monococcum var. monococcum, and T. monococcum var. boeticum. A significant positive correlation between protein and lysine content was observed in T. aestivum var. aestivum. Lines with high adjusted lysine content/protein were identified in all species except in T. aestivum var. spelta and Ae. tauschii.

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