Growth and Survival of Developing Steelhead Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Continuously or Intermittently Exposed to Copper

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Abstract
Steelhead trout (S. gairdneri)were continuously or intermittently exposed to Cu over a 78-d [day] period from 6 d postfertilization through 5 wk post-swimup. Cu was introduced into the intermittent exposure chambers for 4.5 h each day. Continuously exposed fish survived and grew better than intermittently exposed fish at the same daily mean Cu concentrations. Intermittently exposed fish accumulated significantly more Cu than those continually exposed at the same daily mean Cu concentrations. Data derived from continuous laboratory exposures should not be directly converted to water quality criteria where toxicant concentrations in natural waters are temporally variable.
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