Ultrastructure of Freeze-Substituted and Chemically Fixed Basidiospores of Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae

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Abstract
The results of this study involving basidiospores of G. juniperi-virginianae indicate that freeze-substitution is a valuable technique for TEM studies of fungal spores. Although more spores were damaged in the freeze-substitution protocol than in the chemical fixation protocol, the advantages afforded by the former techniques greatly outweighed losses caused by such damage. The quality of fixation provided by freeze-substitution was equal to or better than that provided by chemical fixation for virtually every spore component except lipid droplets. Freeze-substitution also yielded information that was not available from chemically fixed samples. Such information related to Golgi bodies and vesicles, multivesicular bodies, vacuoles and microtubules.