Optimization of Production Rate and Recovered Amount in Linear and Nonlinear Preparative Elution Liquid Chromatography

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Abstract
It is commonly thought that the adaptation of an analytical chromotographic separation to the preparative scale requires an increase in resolution to allow for the greater sample size. We show that this statement is only true for semipreparative chromatography, where the aim is only to optimize the amount recovered at a given purity. If the maximum production rate is desired, however, analytical resolution is no longer, the main consideration. Whether the criterion is the amount recovered or the production rate, the analytical selectivity is more important than the capacity factors. This is true for a linear as well as a nonlinear optimization procedure. For recovery ratios near unity, the maximum production rate (corresponding to infinite selectivity) is of the order of 5 D mmol/h for a linear optimization procedure and 50 D mmol/h for a nonlinear optimization procedure, where D is the mobile phase flow rate in liters per hour.