Glial modulation of synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction

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Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a cholinergic synapse that controls muscle contraction. Glial cells, called perisynaptic Schwann cells, surround nerve terminals at the NMJ. Transmitter release induced by repetitive nerve stimulation, elicit a frequency‐dependent activation of G‐protein‐coupled receptors on perisynaptic Schwann cells and the release of calcium from internal stores. In return, perisynaptic Schwann cells modulate synaptic activity during and following high‐frequency stimulation through short‐term plasticity. In the present review, we discuss evidence of glial involvement in the short‐term plasticity at the NMJ and the potential impact of such modulation on synaptic efficacy.