An Experimental Investigation of Ion Beam Focusing

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Abstract
An experimental investigation has been made of the initial focusing of ions from capillary sources of the diffusion type described in the previous paper. The lens system used consisted of a 90-degree cone at the ion source followed by three coaxial cylinders which were arranged at various potentials up to 25 kilovolts. Since the beams are rendered slightly luminous by traces of gas in the high vacuum region, they have been studied by a photographic method. The beams have also been studied by an electrical scanning method. Both types of investigation were made as functions of the electrode potentials and arc variables and are in good agreement. Based on these observations a focusing and canal arrangement suitable for differential pumping has been tested. This arrangement has been embodied in a design for a projected ion gun assembly.