Alterations of Progesterone Metabolism in Immature Rat Ovaries by Luteinizing Hormone1

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Abstract
Metabolism of progesterone in ovaries of prepubertal rats was investigated by incubating intact ovaries from immature rats in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing 10-6 M progesterone-4-[14C] and isolating the radioactive metabolites formed after varying periods of incubation. Androsterone was the most abundant metabolite produced by ovaries from 28-30 day old rats. Luteinizing hormone (LH) injected 0.5-4 h before autopsy, or added directly to incubation media, resulted in markedly decreased formation of androsterone with a concomitant proportional increase in production of 3.alpha.-OH-5.alpha.-pregnane-20-one (3.alpha.-OH-5.alpha.-P). Production of other androgens (androstenedione, testosterone, 5.alpha.-androstane-3.alpha.,17.beta.-diol), which accumulated in smaller amounts than androsterone, was also inhibited by LH. Prolactin administration for 6 days before autopsy resulted in only minor alterations of progesterone metabolism, causing small increases in accumulation of 5.alpha.-pregnane-3,20-dione (5.alpha.-P) and 3.alpha.-OH-5.alpha.-P in the absence of LH and slightly enhancing the inhibitory effects of LH on formation of androstenedione and androsterone. Ovaries from 23 day old rats produced significantly more androsterone and less androstenedione than did those from 29 day old rats in the absence of exogenous hormone treatment. When follicular growth was induced and 1st estrus synchronized by administration of 4 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to 28 day old rats at 0800 h (day 0), androsterone production from progesterone-4-[14C] gradually increased, reaching maximum levels at 2200 h on day 1, and remained elevated until 1400 h on day 2 (the equivalent of proestrus). With the 1st detectable rise in serum LH levels on day 2, androsterone production declined abruptly, reaching minimum levels at 2200 h on day 2. Production of 3.alpha.-OH-5.alpha.-P, a relatively minor metabolite before the LH surge, increased markedly and became the major metabolite at 1800 and 2200 h, coincident with the LH surge. 5.alpha.-Reduced gonadal steroids apparently play a regulatory role in the ovarian maturation processes during the peripubertal period and indicate an ability of LH, both exogenous and endogenous, to alter markedly the ratio of C19/C21 steroids by an inhibitory action on the 17.alpha.-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase step.

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