Effects of Temperature on Longevity, Reproduction, and Development of the Asparagus Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) and the Parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

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Abstract
The effects of various constant temperatures on longevity, fecundity, reproductive rate, and developmental rate of the asparagus aphid, Brachycorynella asparagi Mordvilko, and its parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh), were investigated. Moderate temperatures (23°C) were optimal for aphid survival and reproduction. Similarities in aphid biology between Michigan and Washington, where the aphid is a severe pest, suggest that the difference in pest status between the two states is not attributable to biotype differences. D. rapae reproductive and developmental rates were highest at 30°C, but longevity was reduced considerably, reducing total fecundity. Temperature responses suggest that biotype differences are present between this population and other D. rapae populations reported in the literature. Results do not indicate what factors limit D. rapae effectiveness in the field.