Variations in the Cosmic-Ray Rigidity Spectrum

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Abstract
Variations in the counting rates of two different high-latitude neutron monitors, a high-latitude meson telescope, and a low-latitude neutron monitor are studied for the period August, 1956, to January, 1958. A long-term decrease in counting rate was observed at all stations, superposed on which there were numerous short-term variations of from 3 to 30 days duration. The long-term variation in neutron counting rate at high latitudes was four times greater than that at low latitudes, indicating that the change in the cosmic-ray spectrum was most pronounced at low rigidities. The high-latitude short-term variations in neutron counting rate were about 2.5 times greater than those at low latitudes, the ratio varying from event to event. This is interpreted as evidence that the spectrum changes during short-term variations are less strongly dependent upon rigidity than in the case of the long-term variation, and that they are of a variable character. Comparison of the neutron data with simultaneous meson data supports this view. It is concluded that the long- and short-term variations in intensity are produced by different mechanisms.