Growth response of cabbage plants to transition elements under water culture conditions

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Abstract
Cabbage plants were water-cultured under 4 levels of titanium (0,0,4,4,20 ppm), vanadium (0, 0.4,4, 20 ppm), chromium (0, 0.2, 2, 10 ppm), manganese (0, 0.4, 4, 20 ppm), and iron (0, 1, 10, 50 ppm), and the effects of the elements supplied on the growth of the plants and on the distribution of the elements in the plants were studied. The dry weight of a whole plant and of inner leaves (yield) without the addition of Ti, V, and Cr did not decrease, while that without the addition of Mn and Fe decreased slightly. The addition of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, and Fe (more than 0.4, 0.4, 2, 4, and 10 ppm, respectively) decreased the yield. Slight transition element-induced chlorosis was observed in the plots at high levels of Ti, Cr, and Mn. The contents of the elements in the plants increased with an increase in the concentration of each element in the culture solution. The critical contents of Mn and Fe in plant-tops which resulted in a slight decrease in the yield due to the deficient injury were estimated to be about 10 and l00 ppm. The contents of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, and Fe when the yield decreased by 50% due to the excess injury were 4,6, 20, 3,000, and 300 ppm in outer leaves and 3,000, l,000, 2,000, 15,000, and 50,000 ppm in roots, respectively.

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