Bovine haemoglobin βA Zebu, βA43(CD3)Ser Thr: an intermediate globin type between the βA and βD Zambia is present in Indian zebu cattle

Abstract
Two bovine haemoglobin .beta. chains, electrophoretically identical with the .beta.A chain of Herefords, were obtained from Ongole and Banteng, Bos javanicus, cattle. The amino acid residue differences of the two .beta. chains were compared by electrophoresis, cation-exchange and reverse-phase chromatography, amino acid analyses, and Edman degradation in comparison with .beta.A chain. The results showed that two .beta. chains differed from the .beta.A chain of the Hereford breed by the substitution of serine with threonine at the .beta.43 position. No other difference was found between the two chains and .beta.A. This new .beta. chain type was termed .beta.A Zebu, which forms a possible evolutionarily transitional type between the .beta.A and the rare variant .beta.D Zambia found previously in African zebu cattle. The .beta.A Zebu differentiates from the previous .beta.B by at least four amino acid substitutions involving five codon-base changes.

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