Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-promoted skin tumor formation in mice by 16α-fluoro-5-androsten-17-one and its reversal by deoxyribonucleosides

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Abstract
The work of ourselves and others has demonstrated that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) displays a broad spectrum of cancer preventive action in laboratory rodents, with little toxicity. In the two-stage skin tumorigenesis model in mice, topical application of the synthetic DHEA analog 16α-fluoro-5-androsten-17-one, a more potent preventive agent than DHEA without the sex-hormonal side-effects of the parent steroid, markedly inhibited promotion of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated tumor development by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). DHEA is a powerful inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), suggesting that its inhibiting effect in carcinogenesis may be due to a lack of NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate production for deoxyribonucleotide synthesis and subsequent DNA replication. Further evidence of a reduced NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate pool on the lowering of intracellular deoxyribonucleotide levels has been demonstrated in this paper by completely reversing the 16α-fluoro-5-androsten-17-one-induced inhibition of tumor promotion by the addition of the four deoxyribonucleosides—deoxyadenosine, deoxycytidine, deoxyguanosine and thymidine—to the drinking water during the promotion period of tumorigenesis.

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