Weaning Pigs at an Early Age Decreases Cellular Immunity

Abstract
An experiment involving 118 pigs was conducted to evaluate the influence of weaning pigs at four different ages on in vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immunity. One-half of each litter was weaned at 2, 3, 4 or 5 wk of age; the other one-half remained with the sow as non-weaned controls. Phytohemagglutinin skin-test responses were determined on all pigs. Blastogenic responses of mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte cultures were determined before and after weaning. The intradermal response to phytohemagglutinin was reduced (P<.001) in pigs weaned when 2 or 3 wk old and was suppressed (P<.05) in those weaned when 4 wk old. In vivo cellular immunity was not altered by weaning in 5-wk-old pigs. The capability of lymphocytes to undergo blastogenesis in response to phytohemagglutinin was decreased in pigs weaned at 2 and 3 wk of age (P<.001 and P<.01, respectively). Pokeweed mitogen-stimulated blastogenesis was lower (P<.01) in pigs weaned at 2 wk of age. Mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte blastogenesis was similar (P<.10) in control pigs and those weaned when 5 wk old. These data suggested that weaning pigs when younger than 5 wk old causes physiological changes detrimental to cellular immune reactivity. Those changes could alter disease susceptibility in young pigs. Copyright © 1983. American Society of Animal Science . Copyright 1983 by American Society of Animal Science