Monoclonal antibodies to crosslinked fibrin degradation products (XL‐FDP) I. CHARACTERIZATION AND PRELIMINARY EVALUATION IN PLASMA

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Abstract
Summary Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were raised against X‐oligomers, the earliest soluble fragments released from crosslinked fibrin (XL‐FN), by the action of plasmin. Two of the mabs (NIBn 52 and NIBn 123) were monospecific for X‐oligomers in that they showed no binding to fibrinogen, the plasmic fragments of fibrinogen (D and E) and non‐cross‐linked fibrin (X, Y, D and E), or the terminal digestion product of XL‐FN, fragment DD‐E. One other mab (NIBn 178) was panspecific for X‐oligomers in that it exhibited a weak affinity for fibrinogen. The mabs were used to develop a two‐site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and an enzyme‐linked immunospecific assay (ELISA) which permitted the specific measurement of X‐oligomers directly in plasma, rather than in serum. This immunoassay is a true assay of fibrinolysis as distinct from fibrinogenolysis and may be a potential aid in the diagnosis and evaluation of thrombosis. In preliminary studies, the assay detected low levels of X‐oligomers in normal plasma and elevated levels in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation.