Single- and multiple-impact jet apparatus and results

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Abstract
The advantages of firing liquid jets of water at stationary specimens to study the effects of single drop impact have been well documented. The development of a multiple impact jet apparatus (MIJA) at the Cavendish Laboratory now allows a controlled study ofthe multiple liquid impact process in a similar way. The design ofthe MIJA apparatus has been established around the existing nozzle design technology for the single impact gun. This design allows the creation of liquid jets of a high quality: spherically fronted; symmetrical; reproducible and with a stable coherent core. In this way the MLJA apparatus can simulate the impact of 2 to 10mm diameter drops over a range of velocities up to 400 m s1 and with a repetition rate of -1O min-1. The apparatus is entirely automated with a sophisticated computer control maintaining an accurate record of experiments performed and the impact positions and velocities. The computer allows impact arrays of any type to be studied and restrains the spread of jet velocities to a 2% standard deviation around that selected. The first part of this paper describes the design and performance characteristics ofthe two pieces of jet apparatus. The final sections then look at some preliminary damage results.

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