On the principles of physical modelling of macroparticle impact with meteoritic velocities

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Abstract
Criteria for replacing the real impact of a hypervelocity macroparticle by certain modelling effects have been considered. For direct modelling it has become possible to replace a high-velocity projectile by a slower one of another shape and made of material with a steeper shock adiabat (Huhoniot). The authors give calculated curves for the efficiency of the impact of various particles on different targets. Correct conditions for replacing the real particle impact by different processes are formulated in the general case of indirect modelling. They represent tentative experimental results on effects of an intensive Q-switched laser pulse upon a polycrystal target and demonstrate a possibility to achieve high shock load stresses, which are characteristic of hypervelocity impact, by laser cumulative compression of a pseudoprojectile placed on the target surface.