Nanocrystalline grain structures developed in commercial purity Cu by low-temperature cold rolling

Abstract
Nanocrystalline pure copper was obtained by cold rolling a commercial bulk Cu to very large extensions at subambient temperatures. The eventual formation of nanocrystalline grain structures is attributed to dynamic grain refinement (recrystallization) mechanisms activated by the low-temperature continuous plastic deformation that leads to ultrahigh densities of dislocations.